Trammell et al., 2016 - https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms12948

• Single doses of Niagen NR (100mg, 300mg, 1000mg) significantly increased the blood NAD+ metabolome in a dose-dependent manner, with all three doses significantly increasing whole blood NAD+ levels after 24 hours.

• 12 healthy, non-pregnant subjects (six male and six female) between the ages of 30 and 55 with body mass indices of 18.5–29.9 kg/m2

Airhart et al., 2017 - https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0186459

• Niagen NR significantly increased whole blood NAD+ levels.

• 8 healthy male and female volunteers (6 female, 2 male, age range 21–50 years)

Martens et al., 2018 - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-03421-7

• Niagen NR significantly increased blood NAD+ levels.

• 24 middle-aged and older healthy male and female volunteers. Consisted of middle-aged and older men and postmenopausal women aged 55−79

Dollerup et al., 2018 - https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article-abstract/108/2/343/5051210?redirectedFrom=fulltext

• Niagen NR significantly increased NAD+ metabolites in urine.

• 40 healthy sedentary men with a BMI over 30kg/m2 (obese), aged 40-70 years.

Elhassan et al., 2019 -  https://www.cell.com/cell-reports/fulltext/S2211-1247(19)30940-4?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsev-ier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS221112471930940-4%3Fshowall%6. 3Dtrue

• Niagen NR significantly increased levels of NAD+ metabolites, indicating an increase in NAD+ flux.

• 12 aged (median age of 75 years) and marginally overweight (median BMI of 26.6 kg/m2; range 21–30), but otherwise healthy men

Conze et al., 2019 - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-46120-z

• Niagen NR (100mg, 300mg, 1000mg) demonstrated a significant, dose-dependent increase in whole blood NAD+ levels.

• 140 overweight, but otherwise healthy male and female participants

Remie et al., 2020 - https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa072/5823793

• Niagen NR significantly increased markers of NAD+ flux (NAAD and MeNam), which suggests NR increased skeletal muscle NAD+ metabolism.

• 13 healthy, overweight or obese, sedentary men and women, with a BMI between 27-35 kg/m2, aged 45-65 years old

Zhang et al., 2020 - https://www.embopress.org/doi/full/10.15252/ms-b.209495

• This study was a combination study. Niagen NR, in combination with metabolic cofactors L-serine, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, and L-carnitine, increased flux turnovers for NAD+. 

• 9 healthy male subjects, without any medication (aged 26-36 years, BMI 19.4-34.5 kg/m2)

Zhou et al., 2020 - https://www.jci.org/articles/view/138538

• Niagen NR significantly increased whole blood NAD+ levels.

• 5 Stage D Heart Failure patients. 4 out of 5 subjects completed the study